1. Scanner, printer, monitor resolution
For hardware devices such as scanners, printers, and displays, the resolution is measured in dots per inch (DPI).
The resolution of the scanner is determined from three aspects: the optical part, the hardware part and the software part. That is, the scanner's resolution is equal to the resolution of its optics plus its own resolution through hardware and software processing and analysis. The optical resolution is the actual number of light spots that can be captured by the scanner's optics in the area per square inch. It refers to the physical resolution of the scanner CCD and also the true resolution of the scanner. Its value is determined by the CCD. The number of pixels divided by the scanner's horizontal maximum scan size.
With a resolution of 1200 DPI, the resolution of the common optics only accounts for 400 DPI-600 DPI. The resolution of the extended part (generated by hardware and software) is generated by computer analysis of the image and scientific filling of the blank part (this process is also called interpolation processing). After the computer hardware and software processing, the output image will become more realistic and the resolution will be higher.
Most scanners currently on the market have software and hardware extensions to the resolution. Some scanners advertise 9600×9600 DPI, which is the maximum resolution obtained by software interpolation, not the true optical resolution of the scanner. So for the scanner, its resolution has optical resolution (or optical resolution) and maximum resolution.
We say that the resolution of a scanner is as high as 4,800 DPI, which means that when a scanner is used to input images, 4800×4800 pixels can be acquired on a 1 square inch scan format. Scan area of ​​1 inch square, scanned with a resolution of 4800 DPI produces an image size of 4800 pixels x 4800 pixels. When scanning an image, the higher the scanning resolution is set, the finer the resulting image is, and the larger the resulting image file is, but the more interpolation components are.
We say that the resolution of a certain printer is 360 DPI, which means that when using the printer to output images, 360 color dots representing the output of images can be printed on each inch of printing paper. The greater the number of printer resolutions, the smaller the color point of the image output and the finer the output image. The size of the printer's color point is only related to the printer's hardware process, regardless of the resolution of the image being output.
We say that the resolution of a certain brand of display is 80 DPI, which means that within the effective display range of the display, the display's imaging device can produce 80 spots on each inch of the screen.
The DPI value that represents the resolution of the display is generally not displayed when the display is shipped from the factory. Only the dot pitch is given. We can calculate the resolution of the display according to the formula. Based on the DPI value we calculated, we can then calculate the maximum display mode that the monitor can support.
Assume that the diagonal length of the effective display range of the 14-inch display screen is 11.5 inches. Since the horizontal and vertical display ratio of the display is 4:3, the horizontal width of the effective display range can be set to 4X inches and the vertical height. It is 3X inches. According to the mathematical Pythagorean theorem, X=11.5÷5=2.3 inches can be obtained, so the effective display range width is 2.3*4=9.2 inches. The vertical height is 2.3 x 3 = 6.9 inches. The maximum display mode is approximately: 800 (9.2 x 90) x 600 (6.8 x 90). In this case, one pixel is represented by one dot.
The above mainly describes the device resolution of scanners, printers and displays. Strictly speaking, the resolution of the device and the resolution of the image processed by the device are two related and different concepts.
The resolution of the device is determined by the production process of the hardware device. Although the resolution of some devices can be adjusted by software, they all have a limited maximum resolution, and the user cannot make any breakthrough on it.
The resolution of the image is a measure of the fineness of the image itself. For scanners, printer-processed images, the resolution is measured in pixels per inch, or PPI (Pixels Per Inch). For computer-processed images, the resolution is represented by the number of pixels that can be displayed in the horizontal and vertical directions, such as 800 x 600, 640 x 480, and so on.
Whether the image itself is fine depends only on the resolution of the image itself, but not on the resolution of the hardware device processing it, but whether the result of the image processing is fine is directly related to the resolution of the device processing it. For example, a 90DPI image is finer. If you print it on a 40DPI printer, the print effect is quite bad.
For the scanner, its resolution is proportional to the fineness of the generated image, but its resolution can only give an initial value for the image resolution (the PPI and the resolution of the scanner DPI settings The values ​​are equal. It does not limit the resolution of the image. We can use software to arbitrarily adjust the resolution of the scanned image.
In addition, it should be noted that we usually say a 640×480 image, which is the size of the image, which does not include the meaning of image resolution.
2. Digital camera resolution
The resolution of a digital camera determines the size of the picture that the captured image can ultimately print or the size of the picture that can be displayed on a computer monitor. The resolution of a digital camera depends on the number of pixels on the CCD (Charge Coupled Device) chip in the camera. The more pixels, the higher the resolution. The resolution of a digital camera is also determined by its production process and is fixed at the factory. Users can only select digital cameras with different resolutions, but they cannot adjust the resolution of a digital camera.
For a digital camera of the same type, the higher the resolution, the higher the camera grade, but the high-resolution camera generates a large data file, which is comparable to the speed, memory, hard disk capacity, and corresponding software of the processed and processed computer. High demand.
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