Research on Technology Innovation Risk and "Infeasibility" of Packaging Enterprises

Yang Wenliang

The technological innovation of “packing clothes for people” is very important. With the continuous development of the social economy, packaging products have also been branded with the imprint of the times, and it is the most avant-garde imprint. Only by continuous advance development can it represent the trend of the times, only representing the trend of the times, packaging is also Lively. Therefore, the vitality of packaging is, to a certain extent, innovation.

With the gradual maturity and improvement of China's market economy, the development space of packaging enterprises will be greater, opportunities will be more, and challenges in all aspects will be more severe. In recent years, the rapid development of the world's technological revolution has brought increasingly rich benefits to packaging companies that continue to make technological innovations. However, the strategic leadership and competitiveness of packaging enterprises' technological innovation determines the high risk of technological innovation. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct in-depth discussions on the risks of technological innovation in enterprises.

First, the main risk factors of technological innovation in packaging enterprises

The risk of technological innovation refers to the possibility of underestimating or unable to adapt to external environmental factors in technological innovation, or difficult to effectively control the technological innovation process, thus causing the failure of technological innovation activities. Because packaging companies are very complicated in China and involve all walks of life, there are many factors that affect the success or failure of technological innovation, and they are complicated. However, we can classify the main risks common in the technological innovation of packaging enterprises according to different risk causes, which can be divided into the following categories:

1. Social risks. It is mainly the policy risk of the state's macro regulation of industry and economy. As a packaging enterprise, when carrying out technological innovation, we must understand the national policy, and it is guaranteed to carry out technological innovation under the guidance of national policies. As Zhang Ruimin, president of Haier, said, enterprises must focus on the government and the other eye on the market. Only technological innovations that conform to national policies will have the basis for the market.

2. Technical risks. Technical risk is the objective cause of innovation risk. Due to the uncertainty of technology research itself, the difficulty of innovation technology will directly lead to the level of innovation risk. Another aspect of risk is the failure to select key technologies or pay insufficient attention to supporting technologies. This is not a small number of risks in packaging companies' technological innovation.

3. Production risk. The risk of the results of the pilot and batch survival phases, the root cause of this risk lies in the adaptation of the packaging equipment production equipment conditions and innovative technology packaging products.

4. Market risk. There are two aspects to market risk. One is the marketization of technical risks. That is, due to the immaturity of product technology, new products have the risk of being rejected by consumers or attacked by competitive products in the process of marketing. The second is the commercialization risk, that is, the technology development is successful, but the new technology has not received the expected return after it is put on the market. Such commercial risks include loss of investment and loss of opportunity in the process of technological innovation development, transfer and transformation.

5. Manage risk. Management risk refers to the possibility of innovation failure due to management errors in the process of technological innovation, such as poor organization coordination, inadequate research, market information distortion, inaccurate market positioning, and inadequate risk decision-making mechanism.

Second, the prevention measures for the technological innovation risks of packaging enterprises

For packaging companies, the risk of technological innovation is often due to the lack of information, the lack of necessary feasibility analysis and argumentation, and the resulting decision-making errors. Therefore, in the process of technological innovation, we must fully understand the risks and take corresponding measures to control risks.

1. Enhance risk awareness. Packaging companies participating in market competition itself have various risks, and technological innovation itself has multiple risks. Packaging companies must have a strong sense of risk, correctly estimate the various risks that may exist in the process of technological innovation, prepare for the challenge of meeting risk challenges, recognize the nature of risks, and clarify the significance of taking risks. Only when enterprises have risk awareness can they effectively control risks, minimize risks, and increase the success rate of innovation.

2. Establish an intelligence information system. Technological innovation is a continuous and uncertain process, and there is an urgent need for more effective mechanisms to deliver science, technology and other information. In the current rapidly changing business environment, it is necessary to have the latest information on potential government research results and competitors' production and management activities. In China, many companies are not sensitive to the innovation of technological advancement, production technology development and management skills, especially for small packaging enterprises. Due to isolated operations, lack of opportunities to communicate with peers, it is very difficult to obtain high quality and accurate information. To this end, the government's technical intelligence services should be strengthened.

3. Raise funds through multiple channels. Innovation risks are shared by many parties. Since technological innovation is a high-risk, high-yield activity, it is possible to raise innovative funds through multiple channels, and to innovate risks and share benefits. The main channels are: seeking direct government funding; seeking investment from venture capital firms; seeking technology and commercial banks' technology loans and risk loans; issuing stocks and bonds to raise social hot money. In addition, companies can also carry out innovative activities to spread risk by jointly innovating or sharing innovation risks.

4. Pay attention to the consultation and demonstration of technological innovation programs. Study the feasibility of the technical solution, compare the risk level of the project plan with the income level, and predict the possible results after the implementation of the plan. By selecting the right combination of technology innovation projects, the combination begins to innovate and reduce overall risk. Establish and improve risk hazards in technology development and production processes.

5. Strict management to avoid risks. Good technology must have good management in order to benefit, so enterprises must be strict and management at the beginning of technological innovation, so as to avoid blindness in the choice of technological innovation, avoid sloppy in the decision-making of project establishment, in the project Avoid chaos in implementation and minimize the risk of technological innovation.

Third, the "infeasibility" study should be carried out on the technological innovation projects of packaging enterprises.

In the decision-making process of technological innovation projects, packaging companies often conduct multi-faceted investigations and evaluations on a specific project. At present, most packaging companies in China often point to the perspectives and targets of project investigations. Research on the feasibility of the project, this single survey evaluates many ways of thinking. In reality, there are many new projects that ultimately fail (including the factors of repeated construction), which are caused by insufficient pre-decision arguments. Increasing the infeasibility study is the basis for the project to demonstrate full and pragmatic and scientific decision-making.

Traditional single feasibility studies have obvious drawbacks. For example, Lanzhou City was included in the national “seventh five-year” key construction project of the pharmaceutical packaging and capsule project, after the long-term construction of the two-year plan from “7th Five-Year Plan” to “Eighth Five-Year Plan”, but failed to meet the design requirements, the enterprise accumulates The debt was nearly 80 million yuan, and it was caught in a situation of insolvency and hardship, and was forced to suspend production and close. Among them, the lack of infeasibility studies, decision-making violations, and serious mistakes in process design are the main factors for project failure.

If the project decision only adopts the feasibility study, it only proves its feasibility and rationality from a positive one, and it is easy to bring some potential misleading to the decision makers and make the decision mistakes. After the project is completed, investors will suffer losses. On the one hand, although the feasibility study here also analyzes some of the existing deficiencies, it does not make the special research of the infeasibility to the height it should be. It is difficult to overcome the Achilles heel of this research. On the other hand, in the implementation of the project after the decision-making, due to the lack of estimation of various difficulties encountered after the implementation of the project, the lack of necessary psychological preparation and preventive measures when the results are contrary to expectations, the emergency remedial effect is not to say However, this case is not uncommon in the decision-making of our packaging industry.

The infeasibility study is devoted to picking up the shortcomings of specific project implementation plans, or nitpicking the feasibility study, looking for the sequelae of its potential and hidden implementation, and minimizing future economic losses. Its essence is true risk research, not maliciously negating its projects. It can stand in the opposite direction of the feasibility plan, stand in a more just position to point out problems or defects, provide project decision makers with broader ideas and information, and largely compensate for the shortcomings of general feasibility studies. So that the decision of the project plan is more reasonable, more scientific, more realistic, and avoid unnecessary losses for investors. Because the various factors involved in the decision-making of modern packaging new projects will directly link the project decisions, and the whole body will be affected by the leader's intuition. It is difficult to clarify the problem. Therefore, the infeasibility study is indispensable. Its auxiliary role in decision-making is easily overlooked, and it is also the most we need to strengthen.

Will the infeasibility study cause the packaging companies to lose their opportunities in development and stagnate, becoming vulnerable and shrinking? the answer is negative. The standpoint of infeasibility research is to avoid risks and develop better, but development is not equal to simple risking and neglecting potential large risks. Any project has risks. The problem is that the risk probability of selected projects should be controlled at a small In the scope, the infeasibility study is to find a scientific decision-making process with small risks and favorable development, which should attract our attention.

In the process of conducting the infeasibility study, objectively, a relaxed environment and conditions are needed. First, policy makers must emancipate their minds and create an atmosphere of wide open speech. Those who dare to make different opinions and different opinions should not arbitrarily deduct the hats, and should be able to make meritorious deeds. Second, listen to the advice of experts and experts as much as possible, put an end to the will of the chief executive, and overcome the phenomenon of people's slight words. Third, we should collect more abundant information resources before the investigation and evaluation. In the process of re-creating information processing, we must not only seek favorable factors, but also seek unfavorable factors to lay the foundation for comprehensive analysis. Fourth, the infeasibility study should first be carried out by the development department as a necessary condition for the validation project. As long as the selected project is considered to be a viable project, it must have an investigation and evaluation of the “infeasibility” research. content. Fifth, when the project decision-makers organize the “going meeting” discussion, the decision makers and all participants must express their views on the infeasibility issue and demonstrate the feasibility level from the opposite direction to judge the final choice of the project.

The success of the project stems from scientific decision-making. Only by continuously improving the research content of the project and continuously improving the research methods can we reduce the mistakes in decision-making and minimize the risk, so as to improve the success rate of the project and obtain the maximum output economic benefits with less investment.