When it comes to wood-based panels, I believe that most people think that wood-based panels are closely related to adhesives. When Xiaobian first heard of rubber-free wood-based panels, they quickly searched and learned artificially in a limited knowledge system. Plates such as particleboard, fiberboard, etc., are all dealing with glue, so what is the problem of glueless wood-based panels?
Don't worry, Xiaobian takes you to find out the mysterious veil of glueless wood-based panels.
1. Definition of wood-based panels
“Wood-based panels are made of wood or other non-wood plants, which are mechanically separated into various unit materials, with or without the application of adhesives and other additives.â€
Many people tend to ignore the latter words, and no glue refers to resin adhesives such as urea-formaldehyde resin or phenolic resin. It relies on the chemical composition of the material itself or the addition of chemical additives to achieve "self". The technique of bonding" to bond into a sheet.
Glue-free gluing principle: The surface of plant fiber is activated by special treatment methods, including a series of reactions of lignin and carbohydrate, such as oxidation, nitrification, hydrolysis, polycondensation, degradation and free radical initiation.
Is it very complicated, there is no regret that high school chemistry does not study well, but it does not matter, in simple terms, no glue plywood does not use traditional adhesives, then it is necessary to find ways to create adhesive substances to achieve similar or the same effect.
2. No glue bonding method
Then, what kind of method should be used to bond into a board without using a traditional adhesive? According to the different activation effects of the raw materials just listed and the use of different co-agents, the non-adhesive gluing methods can be divided into the following types:
As a name suggests, this method utilizes certain natural components inherent in or added to certain natural substances, and some new substances with adhesive action generated by chemical conversion under specific processes, thereby realizing themselves under hot pressing conditions. Glued.
Since it is a natural substance, in addition to lignocellulosic materials, some non-wood fiber materials such as cornstalks, cotton stalks, rice husks, peanut hulls, bagasse, and the like.
The bark of the woodworking processing plant is the main raw material of natural rubber. These natural materials are not only rich in variety but also can be fully utilized to reduce the impact on the atmosphere caused by incineration.
The oxidative bonding method is to add an oxidizing agent to activate the surface of the raw material by oxidation treatment, and the entire surface layer is moistened and plasticized, and the three major elements are reacted to form an active layer having good porosity, plasticity and various reactive functional groups. It can be glued into a plate under heat and pressure. Commonly used oxidants are nitric acid, nitrates, hypochlorites, and the like.
03 enzyme activation method
The laccase activation method is the most typical method in the enzyme activation method. Laccase is an oxidoreductase that catalyzes the oxidation of phenolic hydroxyl groups. The lignin containing phenolic hydroxyl groups in wood materials undergoes a catalytic reaction to rapidly produce a gelling polymer, thereby causing the wood material to colloid.
04 acid catalytic polycondensation
The acid commonly used in acid-catalyzed polycondensation is sulfuric acid. Acid has a strong destructive effect on wood, and chemical reactions can occur with various chemical components. The acid degrades cellulose and hemicellulose, produces aldehydes and polymerizes them into a gel-like polymer under hot pressing conditions.
In addition, lignin can also be degraded by acid to cause a condensation reaction of lignin.
05 alkaline solution activation method
Mention how the acid can leak the alkali? Some scholars have confirmed that the thin wood board is subjected to 3M sodium hydroxide (adding a certain proportion of methylated lignin), the plate made under hot pressing conditions, and the shear strength and The water resistance is inconsistent with the traditional phenolic resin adhesive! Commonly used alkali solution treatment agents are sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, and the like.
3. Comparison between no glue and glue
01 reduce costs
Since the glueless wood-based panel does not need to add an adhesive, the production process is simplified, and the phenomenon of the rubberized layer and the thickness prediction layer is not generated.
The product has no predictive layer, so that the glueless process can be produced by a multi-lamination machine. Most of the continuous presses in the production process of the rubber-based wood-based panels need to be imported.
Therefore, the glueless wood-based panel process not only reduces raw material consumption, but also reduces equipment investment and reduces costs.
02 energy saving
Due to the requirements of the non-glue process, the raw materials are fully oxidized before the hot grinding, so under the same steam consumption conditions, the non-glue process reduces the power consumption by 1/3, saving energy.
03 new material process
The glueless process changes the chemical composition of the raw materials during the processing, and undergoes the processes of chemical hydrolysis, degradation and repolymerization.
In the production process of plastic wood-based panels, the material only undergoes morphological changes, so the glueless wood-based panel process is a new material polymerization process.
4. Characteristics and application of glueless wood-based panels
01 non-toxic
As we all know, most of the formaldehyde in the home environment comes from the paint and glue of wooden furniture. The glues in the wood-based panels (such as urea-formaldehyde glue and phenolic glue) are the main reasons for formaldehyde.
In the non-glue wood-based panel process, resin adhesives derived from petroleum products are not used, and the added catalyst, activator and natural materials are non-toxic;
Therefore, the products made are also non-toxic, no pollution to the environment, and no damage to the human body. It can be used to make indoor bedroom furniture, even for utensils that hold food or come into contact with food.
02 corrosion resistance
Regarding the corrosion resistance, some scholars have done a comparative test, infecting the rubber-free plywood and phenolic resin plywood specimens with a certain wood rot fungus. The results show that in the aspect of corrosion resistance, the rubber-free plywood is obviously superior to the synthetic resin plywood. Therefore, in the environment where anti-corrosion and insect-proof requirements are high, it is possible to consider the use of glueless wood-based panels.
03 insulation
The thermal conductivity and temperature coefficient of the non-glue wood-based panel are lower than the air-dry wood of similar density, and have good thermal insulation properties, which can be used to make thermal insulation building materials, such as floor mats and interior wall trim panels.
04 anti-aging
The shear strength of the non-adhesive wood-based panels before storage and after 12 months of storage was measured and found to be almost unchanged, so that the rubber-free wood-based panels are also very suitable for making outdoor wood products.
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