The key to improving color performance

Abstract: Intensifying color awareness, correctly observing and mastering the color laws of objective objects, emphasizing the overall observation and expression of color sketches, and improving the ability to distinguish colors and use color shapes are the key to color learning.

Keywords: color rule body color space color overall observation overall performance

Color is an important and attractive artistic language in painting. Color sketching is a powerful means of reproducing the true and moving images of nature. In the process of painting, correctly observing and mastering the color laws of objective objects can improve the ability of distinguishing colors and using color modeling, which is the key to color sketching. Therefore, to improve the painter's level of color sketching, not only to strengthen the color awareness, but also to grasp the overall observation methods and expression methods of color sketching.

First, strengthen color awareness

The color of the object comes from the color of the light source and the ability of different qualitative objects to absorb and reflect light. For the color of the object, different people or the same person have different knowledge and feelings about their colors at different times and places. Therefore, in order to better understand and use color, we must have a comprehensive understanding of color.

1, know the color

Scientific practice has shown that the color of an object is formed by the irradiation of light. Without light, there is no color. Color is a visual effect produced by the stimulation of light. Light is the cause of its occurrence, and color is the result of its sensations. The colors in painting are divided into two major categories: sketching and decorating. The decorative color focuses on the study of the contrast, coordination, color combination, and hue of the object's intrinsic color. Compared with the contrast between the simpleness of the color and the large color, the subjectiveness is stronger in the use of color, and the natural color is also considered in the color of the painting. The coordination of color factors and tones, but it pays more attention to the objective color changes of objects in different lighting conditions and the various color relationships arising from the interaction between colors. They differ from each other and complement each other and are also related to each other. Whether it is sketching or decorating, they all have their own strengths and limitations. In color training, they cannot be separated from each other, and they should be interpenetrated to understand colors and experience color.

2, understand the body color

Color and shape are important factors in painting. They are an inseparable unity of interdependence. It is the image created by shape and color that gives us artistic enjoyment. The color of the body mainly comes from the three aspects that constitute the color relationship, namely the light source color, the ambient color, and the inherent color. The color of the light source is due to the difference in the length of the light wave, which forms a different color of light, and is called a light source color in painting. The light emitted by different light sources is different due to the length, strength, and proportion of light waves. The light source color is the color of light itself, which affects the color of the object. The phenomenon of color in the natural world is precisely due to the difference in the color of the light source and its change so that the color of the object becomes rich and colorful. The intrinsic color is formed by the absorption and reflection of the light source by the light-receiving object. Due to the different nature of the absorption and reflection light of various objects, different colors are formed in people's vision. We call the color present on the object as inherent. color. "Inherent color" is an inaccurate concept. There is no "inherent color" in the world.

Because the color of the object is limited by the light, the object itself does not exhibit a constant color, and the intrinsic color that people say is the color impression presented in the softer daylight, and changes with the color of the light source and the color of the surrounding objects. The "inherent color" is not fixed. Although modern physics has repeatedly proved that the intrinsic color does not exist, in order to study conveniently and to facilitate ordinary people's observation habits, the color of the light source and the inherent color of the object are studied as separate concepts. As a hypothesis, intrinsic color has the necessity and value of existence. It not only adapts to people's intuition and habits, but also facilitates people's color observation, analysis and research of objects. Without this assumption, the color of the object is difficult to describe.

Any object in the world is in a specific environment and not in isolation. Color is no exception. The color of the environment is due to the reflection of color, which causes the colors of the same space object to affect each other. This is a very important concept. It emphasizes that the depicted object is affected by the reflected light of the surrounding environment. The color presented is inseparable from the illumination of the light source and has an objective and realistic visual sensation. Therefore, different objects in the same scene, through absorption and reflection, will be subject to different degrees of color light effects, light source color, intrinsic color and environmental color have the primary and secondary constraints, forming a harmonious unity of the overall color. In color sketches, it is necessary to strengthen the variable consciousness of color, correctly understand and grasp the interrelationship between the three objects in depicting objects, and prevent over-emphasizing the color change of objects and ignoring the body.

3, grasp the spatial color

Grasping colors and feelings, we must correctly understand and understand the relationship between color and space in order to solve the essential problems. Due to the different degrees of dispersion of the colored light waves, the length of the light waves is also different, and the color also changes in the spatial transmission. The spatial distance is close, the outline of the object is clear, and there is a great difference between light and shade; when the distance is far, the outline of the object is blurred, the difference between light and shade is small, and the level of the light and dark surfaces of the object is unclear and the hue is uniform. At the same time, due to the influence of air and other spatial factors, the purity and warmth of the color of objects at different distances will also change, and the color farther away from the painter will become grayer or colder. Therefore, the basic rules of spatial colorization are summarized as near-warm and cold, near-pure far-grey, near-clear, far-disturbed, near-contrast and far-contrast. Using the relationship between color and space, three dimensions of length, width and depth can be expressed in the second dimension.

Second, emphasize the overall observation and performance of color sketching

1, the overall observation

The color of any object does not exist in isolation. The only correct way to observe the color is to observe and compare each other, analyze and discover the great relationship of color. The overall observation is to grasp and control the basic tone of the picture and the large color relationship and to observe the whole object in an all-round way. The comparison is the deepening of the overall observation. It is the first element of the objective object, and there are comparisons to identify. Only by repeatedly comparing the hue, lightness, purity, and warmth between objects, distinguishing the tendency of colors, and finding the subtle changes and differences between the colors can we grasp the correct relationship between the various factors of the object.

1, than the color: color refers to the various colors of different objects formed by the color in the brightness, cold, warm, hue, purity and other aspects of the general tendency, but also refers to the main features of a painting, a large color effect, is a picture The overall appearance. The purpose of the comparison between the tones is to determine the tone's brightness, coolness and warmth, and the hue of the hue, so that the content of the painting has a certain atmosphere characteristics, unifying the colours that were originally uncoordinated. Tones play a dominant role in color, and when the colors are not uniform, the picture will be disordered. Therefore, first of all, we must see the overall tonal characteristics of an overall, harmonious, and small-size color block. Second, we must regard objects, light sources, and the environment as a unified whole, and comprehensively observe and compare, and capture color in the overall comparison. As in the morning scenery, the light-receiving surface is in the sunny warm tone, and the dark surface is unified in the cool tone under the influence of sky light. When the cold and warm tone is not clear or chaotic, the hue is not uniform.

2. Brightness: The difference between bright and dark colors, that is, changes in shade to brightness. The difference in color also includes the shade change of a certain color and the difference in brightness between different colors. When comparing the brightness, it is necessary to find out the important colors, find out the bright colors, and then arrange them from dark to light to establish a sequence in the painting. At the same time, based on the understanding and understanding of objective objects, we grasp the big black-and-white relationship, summarize the levels of the objects, and make comparisons to make the images rich and colorful. If the picture lacks a dark or light color, it will cause the picture to be "gray". If the level is not summarized or too much, it will lose the real sense of the object's essence.

3, than the cold and warm: cold and warm colors are people's physical and emotional associations. The coldness and warmth of colors are mutually dependent and interdependent, and the comparison of two colors is the main basis for determining coldness and warmth. Without warm contrast, cool colors cannot exist alone. They are two aspects of unity of opposites. The cold and warm feelings of color are obtained through overall analysis and comparison. Under normal circumstances, the warm light causes the light receiving portion of the object to become warmer and the backlight portion exhibits a cold color tendency of complementing the color; the cool light causes the light receiving portion of the object to become cold and the backlight portion exhibits a warm color tendency of complementary colors. That is, the reddish feeling is warm and the blueish is cold.

4, hue: hue is the appearance of color. Only in the case of the same lightness and indiscriminate heat and darkness, we use hue to compare.

2, the overall performance

One of the fundamental principles of the correct method of expression is: overall - partial - overall. Whether it is the establishment of method steps or the molding process in performance, it strictly follows this principle. The painting steps should be from the beginning of the whole to the end of the whole, and the partial adjustments should also be repeated as a whole, part, and in an overall, and continue to deepen. First, control the basic tone of the picture, sum up a group of still-life backgrounds and subjects, a landscape sky perspective and close-range scenery, etc., to sum up into several large color blocks, grasp the overall feeling of the object, and form the color factor of the tone, from shallow to deep , Drawing big colors quickly and quickly. Second, adjust and modify, in-depth characterization, find comparatively subtle changes through comparison, find out the position of the part in the whole, and always check the influence of reflection and ambient light on the hue with the overall tone and the relationship between cool and warm, light and dark. Large color relationships measure the accuracy of local details and refine refinements. The overall observation and performance always runs through the entire process of painting. Whenever the work is stopped, the overall relationship of the picture should be complete, and it must not be possible to jump out of the picture clearly and isolatedly from the beginning to the end. The objects are expressed in a large relationship until completed.

1, the former color after the shape: This method of expression is conducive to improve the general ability of color. On the basis of understanding the color light, after determining the contour, quickly grasp the color relationships and tone characteristics of an object or a scene in a short period of time, completely rule out the detailed description, and classify the complex color and shape of the object as a color block. The hue is formed by the contrast of brightness, warmth, and area of ​​different color blocks. And deal with the relationship between the color center and other colors, form a unified tone, to express a certain content and theme.

2. Contrast harmony: Contrast is a means of expression in painting. Without contrast, there is no expressiveness. In the sketch, contrasts are used to highlight the image and enhance the expression of the theme of the screen. At the same time, various colors are used to activate the colors of the screen from time to time to enhance the effects of space, distance, and volume. Commonly used contrast methods are cooling, warmth, lightness, purity, etc.; and reconciliation and contrast are just contradictory. The methods of adjustment include the dominant color, the same neighbor color, the light source color, and the contrast color. Contrast gives people a strong feeling, and reconciliation gives people a feeling of unity and unity, which is the unity of opposites. When using it, you must focus on topics, content, and screen effects. In color sketching, emphasis should be placed on reconciliation when contrasting, and vice versa. Because of the tendency of color to have a certain tendency in space, it is unlikely that a simple intermediate state will exist. Making use of this contradiction can make the picture produce a vivid and realistic change and unified effect. Color sketching is a powerful way to shape the image and convey feelings. Color sketching teaching should use color theory knowledge to guide, observe and analyze color phenomena, develop overall observation and expression capabilities, and exert the charm of color in order to obtain vivid and rich picture effects and thus successfully use colors. At the same time, we must draw on the experience of others to constantly enrich ourselves.

Guangzhou Nanhua Business School Dai Bifeng D

Source: Art and Design - Theoretical Issues