According to customs statistics, from January to July 2011, Ningbo Port exported furniture and parts (hereinafter referred to as furniture) of 2.22 billion US dollars, an increase of 13.6% over the same period last year (the same below), and the growth rate was 23 percentage points lower than the same period of last year. Mainly presents the following characteristics:
Since March, the monthly export value has decreased month by month, and the export value in July has fallen to the lowest in the year. In January of this year, the export of Ningbo Port furniture reached a peak of 460 million US dollars. However, due to the influence of the Spring Festival, exports fell sharply in February. Although the export rebounded in March, the monthly export value decreased month by month, and the furniture was exported in July. One hundred million US dollars, down 6%, down 4.6% from the previous month, the lowest monthly export value for the year.
Second, the dominant position of general trade exports has become more prominent, and the export of processing trade has declined slightly. From January to July, Ningbo Port exported furniture of US$2 billion by general trade, up 15.5%, accounting for 90.1% of the total value of furniture exports during the same period, accounting for 1.5% more than the same period of last year; and exporting US$220 million by processing trade. , a slight decrease of 1.6%.
Third, the export share of private enterprises ranked first, and the export of foreign-invested enterprises increased slightly. From January to July, private enterprises exported 1.43 billion US dollars of furniture, an increase of 17.3%, accounting for 64.3% of the total export value. In the same period, foreign-invested enterprises exported 580 million US dollars, a slight increase of 3.4%.
4. The EU and the United States remain the main export markets, with significant growth in exports to Latin America. From January to July, Ningbo Port exported furniture to the EU of 930 million US dollars, an increase of 8.5%; exports to the United States 550 million US dollars, an increase of 22.2%, the two together accounted for 66.6% of the total value of Ningbo Port furniture exports during the same period. In the same period, Ningbo Port exported furniture to Canada for 92.9 million US dollars, an increase of 11%; for Latin America exports 85.58 million US dollars, an increase of 44.2%; for ASEAN exports 3184 US dollars, an increase of 18.2%.
The main reasons for the recent weak growth in Ningbo Port furniture exports:
(1) The European and American economies are weak and demand recovery is limited. Nearly 70% of Ningbo Port Furniture has been exported to Europe and the United States, but recent data on important sectors such as manufacturing and real estate in Europe and the United States have been weak, and demand recovery has been limited. According to the latest data, the US Institute for Supply Management (ISM) data shows that the July PMI index for the United States was 50.9, down 4.4 percentage points from June, far below the market expectations of 53.3. At the same time, the euro zone manufacturing PMI is also not optimistic, the euro zone manufacturing PMI in July was 50.4, a 22-month low. The UK PMI fell below the 50-point watershed for the first time since July 2009, at 49.1. According to the latest data released by the US Department of Labor, the unemployment rate in the United States in July was 9.1%, and the high unemployment rate has not changed significantly.
(2) The comparative advantage is weakened and the order transfer is obvious. At present, the domestic labor cost has increased significantly compared with the previous years, and the comparative advantage has been significantly weakened. Under the background of weaker comparative advantage in China, orders from European and American merchants have begun to shift to countries with more significant labor cost advantages such as Vietnam and Malaysia. In 2010, Vietnam’s exports of American bedroom furniture totaled 931 million US dollars, surpassing China to become the largest supplier of bedroom furniture in the United States.
At present, domestic furniture exports still face many constraints:
First, the core competitiveness of the company is not strong. At present, the sales of export products of domestic furniture enterprises are mostly OEM production and sales. Most of the furniture production enterprises have low industrial concentration, and they are taking labor-intensive and extensive management routes, which makes the upstream and downstream links of the industrial chain not tight, and improves the entire industry of furniture. the cost of. In the case of a sharp rise in costs, many companies will face many pressures. The operation of enterprises is not standardized, the quality of personnel is low, and enterprises lack long-term development plans. The management of product design, production technology and quality control is not enough. Originality Low, self-owned brands, resulting in the overall competitiveness of the furniture industry is not strong.
Second, the multi-factor superposition leads to the compression of the industry's profit margin. First, the price of wood has risen: At present, the existing forest resources in China are unable to meet the demand for strong timber, and a considerable part of the timber still needs to rely on imports, while foreign countries are increasingly paying attention to environmental protection, and the restrictions on timber harvesting are increasing. Therefore, the price of timber is greatly affected by the international market. Second, the increase in labor costs: due to changes in the supply and demand relationship in the labor market in China, the “labor shortage†shows that there is a structural shortage of labor, the supply of skilled workers is in short supply, the skilled workers are generally difficult to recruit, and the imbalance between labor supply and demand areas directly leads to rising labor costs. Third, the appreciation of the RMB exchange rate: The rapid changes in the RMB exchange rate will have a significant impact on export-oriented enterprises.
Third, the trade barriers are upgraded, and the prospect of losing the US is worrying. In recent years, the United States has continuously upgraded the technical barriers to imported furniture products, and furniture products are worried about the prospects of US exports. In August 2008, the United States introduced the Consumer Product Safety Enhancement Act, which greatly improved the technical requirements for all contact products for children under the age of 12; in April 2009, the United States announced the "Chinese Wooden Crafts Export Quarantine Requirements", which stipulated that China would lose bamboo. Wood products must be fumigated or heat treated and issued with phytosanitary certificates and traceable traceable signs; in April 2010, the US Lacey Act amendment requires the proof of legal source of timber for each shipment of forest products; 2011 From January 3, the United States "Composite Wood Products Formaldehyde Standards Act" came into effect, and on July 1st, the formaldehyde limit standard was greatly increased. The release of formaldehyde from hardwood plywood should not exceed 0.05 parts per million, and the medium density fiberboard should not exceed one million. In 0.11, the particle board should not exceed 0.09 parts per million. This is by far the most demanding environmental protection law in the United States, and its formaldehyde emission standard is 1000 times higher than the current standard in the world's major countries. The implementation of the above restrictions will inevitably restrict China's furniture exports to the United States.
To this end: First, establish an early warning mechanism for furniture export trade, understand new problems arising in the import and export of furniture, and take timely response; second, obtain various permits to enter the international market through various certifications in developed countries, and learn to deal with anti-dumping and other trades. Relief measures; Third, the furniture industry should enter the process of development from quantity to quality, focus on adjusting and optimizing the industrial structure, realizing industrial upgrading, transforming the traditional extensive manufacturing form into a highly efficient and intensive service model, and cultivating and creating independent intellectual property rights. The fourth is the active expansion of overseas markets, and the development of new markets such as India, Pakistan and Southeast Asia, the Middle East, Africa and other countries to fill the lack of demand caused by the weak European and American markets.
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