In recent years, there have been many examples of formaldehyde harmful to human health. Although the public's awareness of prevention and control is increasing, but because of material pollution, the problem can not be completely solved. Some consumers believe that in the process of house decoration, as long as you buy environmentally friendly home building materials that meet the national testing standards, you can avoid formaldehyde pollution. However, is this really the case?
Indoor decoration, home building materials, formaldehyde content testing is all right? (Image source network)
Why talk about the "aldehyde" color change?
First, there is a wide range. Song Guangsheng, director of the National Indoor Interior Environment and Environmental Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, said that the pollution problem of decoration has appeared as early as 20 years ago. Although the public's awareness of prevention and control has been increasing in recent years, the problem still cannot be fundamentally due to material pollution. solve. “The most common source of formaldehyde pollution in the family is the urea-formaldehyde glue contained in the board, especially the wood-based panel.†Song Guangsheng said that almost 90% of the building materials such as laminate flooring and MDF on the market use urea-formaldehyde glue.
Second, the evaporation time is long. Zhang Yuping, director of the Building Environmental Testing Center of Tsinghua University, said that if the space is relatively closed, the evaporation time of formaldehyde will be very long. "In my own home, for example, in 2003, the balcony was renovated. After 13 years, the cabinet made of wood-based panels was opened, and there is still a heavy formaldehyde smell." Song Guangsheng said that Yokohama National University was more than a decade ago. The research pointed out that the release time of formaldehyde contained in decoration materials such as wood-based panels is about 3-15 years.
Third, it is a great health hazard. In 1995, formaldehyde was identified as a suspected carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. By 2004, the World Health Organization's International Agency for Research on Cancer had already explicitly raised formaldehyde into a class of carcinogens in the announcement.
At present, China's standards allow formaldehyde to be contained in furniture, but the content is below a certain limit. Under this standard, formaldehyde is contained in laminate flooring, laminate flooring or bamboo flooring. The heating season is coming, Song Guangsheng specifically reminded: "Now many families use floor heating, and the formaldehyde contained in the materials will accelerate when exposed to high temperatures, which is very harmful to the elderly and children."
Is it all right to achieve the standard?
Compliance with national standards does not mean that there is no impact on health, and standards need to be corrected and updated.
Experts pointed out that there are indeed cases where the individual testing of furniture and building materials meets the standards, but the actual use environment exceeds the standard.
Zhao Bin, a professor of the Department of Building Technology at Tsinghua University's School of Architecture, analyzed that this may be because the test cabin used in the previous tests was different from the size of the user's room. When the residents moved a number of individually qualified furniture to their homes, the on-site measurement results exceeded the standard due to the change in the size of the space and the increase in the density of the furniture.
Standards and feelings are inconsistent. Who should listen to? "The real impact on air quality and the health of the people is not the content, but the amount of emission per unit time. The current basis for determining whether the standard exceeds the standard is the formaldehyde content of building materials and furniture. It needs to be improved by itself.†Zhang Yiping made an analogy and put high-concentration formaldehyde into a closed container. At this time, the content exceeded the standard, but formaldehyde was not emitted when the container was closed, and the air quality was not affected. At this point, the formaldehyde in the container is removed by 99%, and the absolute value of the content reaches the standard, but the cover is opened, and the remaining 1% of the formaldehyde is emitted, which will have a negative impact on the indoor air.
Zhang Yiping said that when the standards were formulated in the year, some compilers had limited knowledge of formaldehyde emission, so they chose to use the extraction method, which is easier than measuring the emission rate. But as technology advances, measuring the rate of emissions has been completely feasible. “The latest standard in Europe and the United States is to measure the rate of formaldehyde emission using the environmental chamber method. China is currently revising the standard and it is recommended to use the environmental chamber method to detect the formaldehyde content of furniture.â€
If you are worried about indoor formaldehyde exceeding the standard, who can find it can be assured? Many people think of the first time to find a professional testing agency, but whether the identification agency is "reliable", should also look for the qualification certificate. In general, the operation process for detecting indoor formaldehyde content is as follows: find the contact information of professional institutions and make an appointment, the organization will send people to the door, use the instrument to sample the air, and test the formaldehyde content per cubic meter. Experts especially reminded that the air samples should be taken back to the laboratory for analysis by different methods, so the results are rarely on the spot. Therefore, it is necessary to be cautious in discriminating against institutions that claim to “out of all test data on the spotâ€.
(Source: People's Daily)
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